Pamphylia: The Land of Ancient Cities

There is something about ancient cities, right? A strange feeling, the goosebumps you get while wandering along the ruins and remains of the past… It must be because even though these cities are like ghost towns nowadays, we still know that they were the center of trade, art, and religion back then.

If you are a fan of discovering ancient cities like us, Pamphylia can be the right address for you. Overlooking the Mediterranean Coast, Pamhylia hosts many ancient cities like Perge, Aspendos, Side, and many more.

To unravel the mysteries of past glorious days, join the adventure and explore these lands with us.

To get to Pamphylia, which is located on the southern coast of Turkey, you can follow these general guidelines:

By Air: The closest major airport to Pamphylia is Antalya Airport (AYT), which is well-connected to domestic and international destinations. You can find direct flights from major cities in Turkey as well as from various European countries. Once you arrive at Antalya Airport, you can continue your journey to Pamphylia by road.

By Road: Pamphylia is easily accessible by road from Antalya and other nearby cities. If you are already in Antalya, you can reach Pamphylia by taking a taxi, hiring a car, or using public transportation such as buses or dolmus (shared taxis). The roads in the region are generally well-maintained, and there are highways and local roads that connect different towns and attractions within Pamphylia.

By Bus: Turkey has an extensive bus network, and you can find bus services from major cities to Antalya, which serves as the gateway to Pamphylia. Once you reach Antalya, you can transfer to local buses or minibusses (dolmus) to reach specific destinations within Pamphylia.

By Sea: If you are traveling from other coastal areas or nearby islands, you may consider taking a ferry or boat to reach Antalya or other ports along the Mediterranean coast. There are ferry services available from some Greek islands and other Mediterranean destinations to certain ports in Turkey.

When packing for Pamphylia, consider the following items:

Lightweight and breathable clothing: The region has a Mediterranean climate, so pack lightweight and breathable clothing suitable for warm to hot weather. Opt for comfortable and loose-fitting clothes made from natural fabrics like cotton or linen.

Swimwear: Pamphylia is known for its beautiful beaches, so pack your swimwear to enjoy the coastal areas and water activities.

Sun protection: Don’t forget to pack sunscreen with a high SPF, sunglasses, a wide-brimmed hat, and a lightweight scarf or cover-up to protect yourself from the sun.

Comfortable footwear: Pack comfortable walking shoes or sandals for exploring archaeological sites, hiking trails, and walking around town.

Beach essentials: In addition to swimwear, pack a beach towel, beach mat, or sarong for lounging on the beach. Consider bringing a beach umbrella or a sunshade for added protection.

Light layers: Although the daytime temperatures can be hot, evenings can be cooler, especially during spring and autumn. Pack some lightweight layers such as a light sweater or a cardigan for cooler evenings.

Insect repellent: Pamphylia is surrounded by natural landscapes, so it’s advisable to bring insect repellent to protect yourself from mosquitos and other insects, especially if you plan to explore nature parks or go hiking.

Travel essentials: Remember to pack essential items like a reusable water bottle, a small backpack or day bag for day trips, a travel adapter for charging your electronic devices, and any necessary medications or personal items.

Cash and cards: Ensure you have enough local currency (Turkish Lira) or a reliable debit/credit card for your expenses. ATMs are widely available in most towns and cities in the region.

Travel documents: Don’t forget to carry your passport or ID, travel insurance details, flight/train tickets, and any other necessary travel documents.

Pamphylia, an ancient region in modern-day Turkey, is home to several cities and towns that offer accommodation options for visitors. The choice of where to stay in Pamphylia largely depends on your preferences, budget, and the specific attractions you wish to explore. Here are a few popular options for accommodation in Pamphylia:

Antalya: As the largest city in the region, Antalya offers a wide range of accommodation options, from luxury resorts and all-inclusive hotels to budget-friendly guesthouses and boutique hotels. Antalya is known for its vibrant atmosphere, beautiful beaches, and historical sites.

Side: Located on the southern coast of Turkey, Side is a popular tourist destination with a charming old town and ancient ruins. It offers a mix of beachfront resorts, boutique hotels, and guesthouses, catering to various budgets and preferences.

Belek: Belek is renowned for its luxury beach resorts and golf courses. It’s a popular choice for travelers seeking a relaxing beach vacation with access to world-class golf facilities.

Alanya: Situated on the eastern coast of Pamphylia, Alanya is known for its stunning beaches, vibrant nightlife, and historical attractions such as Alanya Castle. It offers a range of accommodation options, including beachfront hotels, resorts, and apartments.

Kemer: Nestled between the Taurus Mountains and the Mediterranean Sea, Kemer is a picturesque coastal town offering a mix of beachfront resorts, boutique hotels, and guesthouses. It’s a great choice for travelers looking for a quieter and more laid-back atmosphere.

Olympos: Olympos is a small village near the ancient city of the same name, known for its natural beauty and proximity to the Olympos National Park. Accommodation options in Olympos include treehouses, bungalows, and guesthouses.

Here are some characteristics of the climate in Pamphylia:

Summers (June to September): Summers in Pamphylia are hot and dry, with average temperatures ranging from 28°C (82°F) to 35°C (95°F). The region receives very little rainfall during this time, and the days are generally sunny and clear.

Spring (April and May) and Autumn (October and November): Spring and autumn in Pamphylia are mild and pleasant, with temperatures ranging from 15°C (59°F) to 25°C (77°F). These seasons are considered ideal for outdoor activities and exploring the region’s attractions.

Winters (December to February): Winters in Pamphylia are mild, with average temperatures ranging from 10°C (50°F) to 15°C (59°F). While it can be rainy during this time, the region still experiences a significant amount of sunshine.

The best time to visit Pamphylia, specifically the coastal areas such as Antalya and Side, is during the spring (April and May) and autumn (September and October) months. During these seasons, the weather is mild and pleasant, with comfortable temperatures for outdoor activities and sightseeing.

In spring, the region starts to come alive with blooming flowers and green landscapes. The weather is typically warm but not excessively hot, making it ideal for exploring historical sites, enjoying outdoor activities, and taking leisurely walks along the coastline.

Autumn in Pamphylia is also a popular time to visit, as the summer crowds have diminished, and the weather remains pleasant. The temperatures are still warm, and the sea is generally suitable for swimming. It’s a great time to enjoy water sports, boat tours, and other outdoor adventures.

While summer (June to August) can be quite hot in Pamphylia, it is still a popular time for beach lovers and sun seekers. The coastal areas offer opportunities for swimming and sunbathing, and the region’s resorts and hotels are fully operational during this time.

Winter (December to February) is the low season in Pamphylia, as temperatures are cooler, and there is a higher chance of rain. However, if you prefer a quieter and more affordable experience, winter can still be a good time to visit. The region has milder winters compared to other parts of Turkey, and you can explore indoor attractions, experience local culture, and enjoy the beauty of the region during the off-season.

Pamphylia was an ancient region located in the southern part of modern-day Turkey, along the Mediterranean coast. It was inhabited by various civilizations throughout its history, each leaving its mark on the region.

The earliest known inhabitants of Pamphylia were the indigenous people known as the Pamphylians. They were likely of Anatolian origin and established several city-states in the area during the Bronze Age.

In the 6th century BCE, Pamphylia came under Persian rule and became a part of the Achaemenid Empire. The Persian presence lasted until the conquest of Alexander the Great in the 4th century BCE. Following Alexander’s death, Pamphylia fell under the control of the Seleucid Empire.

During the Hellenistic period, Pamphylia flourished culturally and economically. Greek influence became dominant, and the region experienced significant urban development and trade. Cities like Perge, Aspendos, and Side became important centers of commerce and culture.

In the 2nd century BCE, Pamphylia came under the control of the Kingdom of Pergamon, led by the Attalid dynasty. The Attalids encouraged the Hellenization of the region and promoted the arts and sciences.

In the 1st century BCE, Pamphylia became a part of the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire. The Romans established their authority and infrastructure in the region, including the construction of roads, aqueducts, and impressive architectural structures. The cities of Pamphylia became prosperous and were known for their well-preserved theaters, temples, and other public buildings.

During the Byzantine period, Pamphylia remained an important region, although it experienced decline and depopulation due to invasions and conflicts. The region was later conquered by the Seljuk Turks in the 12th century and subsequently fell under the rule of the Ottoman Empire.

Today, the historical remnants of Pamphylia can still be seen in the archaeological sites and ruins scattered throughout the region. The well-preserved theaters of Aspendos and Side, the ancient city of Perge with its Roman baths and agora, and the rock-cut tombs of Myra are some of the notable examples of Pamphylian history that attract visitors from around the world.

Pamphylia, an ancient region in present-day Turkey, was home to several notable firsts and achievements. Here are some of the famous firsts and greatest accomplishments associated with Pamphylia:

City-States: Pamphylia was known for its numerous city-states, each with its own political and cultural significance. These city-states, such as Perge, Aspendos, and Side, developed advanced urban infrastructure, including theaters, temples, and public buildings.

Aspendos Theater: Aspendos boasts one of the best-preserved ancient theaters in the world. Built during the Roman period in the 2nd century CE, the theater has a capacity of approximately 15,000 spectators and is renowned for its remarkable acoustics.

Side Theater: The ancient city of Side was renowned for its theater, which is located by the sea. The theater dates back to the Hellenistic period and was later renovated by the Romans. It offers stunning views and is an impressive architectural masterpiece.

Aqueducts: The Romans developed an extensive network of aqueducts in Pamphylia to supply water to the cities. These aqueducts demonstrate the engineering prowess of the time and are examples of advanced hydraulic systems.

Trade and Commerce: Pamphylia had a strategic location on the Mediterranean coast, making it an important center for trade and commerce. Its ports facilitated the exchange of goods and cultural influences between the Eastern Mediterranean and other regions.

Lycian League: While Pamphylia was not part of the Lycian Federation, it played a significant role in the formation of the Lycian League. The Lycian League, an ancient democratic federation of city-states, was created in the 2nd century BCE and had a significant impact on the political structure of the region.

Pamphylian Language: The Pamphylian language, an extinct Indo-European language, was spoken in the region during ancient times. The linguistic remains and inscriptions provide valuable insights into the cultural and historical heritage of Pamphylia.

Rock-Cut Tombs of Myra: Myra, an ancient city in Pamphylia, is famous for its rock-cut tombs. Carved into the cliffs, these elaborately decorated tombs showcase the artistic and architectural skills of the time.

Pamphylia, an ancient region located in present-day Turkey, is home to several historical sites of significance. Here are some of the notable historical places in Pamphylia:

Perge: Perge was one of the most important cities in Pamphylia. It boasts well-preserved ancient ruins, including a large theater, Roman baths, an agora (marketplace), and a stadium.

Aspendos: Aspendos is renowned for its well-preserved Roman theater, which is considered one of the best-preserved theaters in the world. It also features an impressive aqueduct and a basilica.

Side: Side is an ancient city located on a peninsula and offers a wealth of historical sites. Highlights include the Side Theater, the Temple of Apollo, the ancient harbor, and the city walls.

Myra: Myra is known for its rock-cut tombs, including the famous Lycian tombs carved into the cliffs. The site also features a Roman theater and a well-preserved Roman amphitheater.

Termessos: Although not technically located in Pamphylia in the nearby Pisidia region, Termessos is worth mentioning due to its historical significance. It is an ancient city built on a mountain with impressive ruins, including a theater, temples, and a necropolis.

Olympos: Olympos is an ancient city located near the coast, known for its mix of Roman, Hellenistic, and Byzantine ruins. It features a well-preserved theater, a necropolis, and the remains of a Byzantine church.

Selge: Selge is an ancient city situated in the Taurus Mountains. It offers ruins of temples, an amphitheater, city walls, and a Roman bath complex.

Sillyon: Sillyon is an ancient city known for its fortified walls, necropolis, and remains of a theater and acropolis.

Pamphylia was home to several notable individuals throughout history. While it is challenging to determine the “most famous” person in the region, here are a few individuals who made significant contributions or achieved fame during their time in Pamphylia:

Plancia Magna: Plancia Magna was a wealthy and influential woman who lived in Perge during the Roman period. She held various titles and honors, including priestess and benefactor, and played an important role in the development and prosperity of the city.

Pliny the Elder: Gaius Plinius Secundus, commonly known as Pliny the Elder, was a Roman naturalist, author, and naval commander. Although not born in Pamphylia, he served as a military officer in the region and wrote about its geography and natural history in his famous work, “Naturalis Historia.”

St. Paul the Apostle: While not originally from Pamphylia, St. Paul the Apostle visited the region during his missionary journeys in the first century AD. He preached and established Christian communities in cities like Perge and Antalya, contributing to the spread of Christianity in the area.

Zenon of Aspendos: Zenon of Aspendos was an ancient Greek philosopher and Stoic philosopher from Aspendos in Pamphylia. He was a student of the famous philosopher Chrysippus and made notable contributions to Stoic philosophy.

Here are 15 of the best things to do in Pamphylia:

Explore the ancient city of Perge: Visit the well-preserved ruins of Perge, including the theater, stadium, and Roman baths.

Discover the ancient city of Aspendos: Admire the magnificent Roman theater of Aspendos, one of the best-preserved ancient theaters in the world.

Visit the Antalya Museum: Explore the extensive collection of artifacts from the region’s history, including statues, mosaics, and archaeological finds.

Relax on Konyaalti Beach: Enjoy the beautiful sandy beach in Antalya, perfect for swimming and sunbathing.

Take a boat tour along the Mediterranean coast: Explore the picturesque coastline, visit hidden coves, and swim in crystal-clear waters.

Go hiking in the Taurus Mountains: Discover the stunning natural beauty of the Taurus Mountains with its scenic trails and panoramic views.

Visit the ancient city of Side: Wander through the well-preserved ruins of Side, including the amphitheater, temple of Apollo, and Roman baths.

Explore the Duden Waterfalls: Witness the impressive cascades of the Duden Waterfalls, located just outside of Antalya.

Enjoy water sports in Belek: Try your hand at various water sports activities, such as jet skiing, parasailing, and windsurfing.

Go rafting in the Koprulu Canyon: Experience the thrill of white-water rafting in the beautiful Koprulu Canyon National Park.

Visit the ancient city of Termessos: Explore the remote and well-preserved ruins of Termessos, situated on a mountaintop with stunning views.

Discover the ancient city of Olympos: Explore the ruins of Olympos, including its ancient harbor, necropolis, and the famous eternal flame of Chimera.

Go diving or snorkeling in the Mediterranean Sea: Discover the rich underwater world with its colorful marine life and ancient ruins.

Visit the Suna-Inan Kıraç Kaleici Museum: Learn about the history and culture of Antalya at this museum located in the historic Kaleici district.

Enjoy a traditional Turkish bath (hamam): Indulge in a relaxing and rejuvenating Turkish bath experience, which includes a steam bath, scrub, and massage.

Here are some of the best places to visit in Pamphylia:

Antalya: The vibrant city of Antalya offers a mix of ancient history and modern amenities. Explore the Old Town (Kaleici) with its narrow streets, visit the Antalya Museum, and relax on the city’s beautiful beaches.

Perge: Visit the ancient city of Perge, known for its well-preserved ruins, including a theater, stadium, and Roman baths.

Aspendos: Marvel at the ancient Roman theater of Aspendos, one of the best-preserved theaters in the world, is known for its remarkable acoustics.

Side: Explore the ancient city of Side, situated on a peninsula. Visit the ancient theater, the Temple of Apollo, and the Roman baths, and enjoy the picturesque harbor.

Termessos: Discover the ruins of Termessos, an ancient city perched high in the Taurus Mountains, offering breathtaking views and impressive structures.

Olympos: Visit the ancient city of Olympos, known for its ruins, beautiful beach, and the famous eternal flame of Chimera.

Koprulu Canyon National Park: Explore the scenic Koprulu Canyon with its dramatic landscapes, river rafting opportunities, and hiking trails.

Duden Waterfalls: Witness the beauty of the Duden Waterfalls, located near Antalya, where the Duden River cascades down a cliff into the Mediterranean Sea.

Konyaalti Beach: Enjoy the sandy beach of Konyaalti, located in Antalya, offering crystal-clear waters and stunning views of the surrounding mountains.

Phaselis: Discover the ancient city of Phaselis, known for its well-preserved ruins and its location on a scenic peninsula with three beautiful bays.

Cirali Beach: Relax on the pristine Cirali Beach, known for its natural beauty and the opportunity to see loggerhead sea turtles.

Chimaera (Yanartas): Visit the natural phenomenon of Chimaera, where flames emerge from the ground due to the combustion of natural gas.

Tahtali Mountain (Mount Olympos): Take a cable car ride to the summit of Tahtali Mountain for panoramic views of the surrounding region.

Kekova Island: Explore the partially submerged ancient ruins of Simena and the beautiful turquoise waters surrounding Kekova Island.

Alanya Castle: Visit the medieval castle of Alanya, situated on a hilltop overlooking the city, and enjoy stunning views of the Mediterranean Sea.

Here are some of the best Pamphylia tours you can consider:

Antalya City Tour: Discover the highlights of Antalya with a guided city tour that includes visits to historical sites such as Kaleici (Old Town), Hadrian’s Gate, the Antalya Museum, and the Duden Waterfalls.

Perge and Aspendos Tour: Explore the ancient cities of Perge and Aspendos on a guided tour. Admire the well-preserved ruins of Perge, including the stadium, theater, and Roman baths, and visit the impressive Aspendos Theater.

Side Ancient City and Manavgat Waterfalls Tour: Visit the ancient city of Side with its Roman ruins, including the theater and Temple of Apollo. Then, explore the beautiful Manavgat Waterfalls and enjoy a relaxing boat trip on the Manavgat River.

Jeep Safari in the Taurus Mountains: Embark on an adventurous jeep safari tour through the Taurus Mountains, passing through picturesque landscapes, traditional villages, and off-road trails.

Pamukkale and Hierapolis Tour: Take a day trip to Pamukkale and Hierapolis, famous for their stunning white terraces and ancient Roman ruins. Enjoy the thermal waters, visit the ancient theater, and explore the well-preserved ruins of Hierapolis.

Boat Trip along the Turquoise Coast: Enjoy a leisurely boat trip along the Turquoise Coast, sailing past stunning coastal landscapes, secluded coves, and crystal-clear waters. Some tours also include swimming and snorkeling stops.

Demre and Myra Tour: Visit the ancient city of Myra, known for its rock-cut tombs and ancient theater. Explore the nearby town of Demre, home to the Church of St. Nicholas (Santa Claus) and the ancient Lycian ruins.

Rafting Adventure in Koprulu Canyon: Experience an adrenaline-filled rafting adventure in Koprulu Canyon, navigating the rapids of the Koprucay River and enjoying the beautiful natural surroundings.